{"id":47,"date":"2024-11-17T12:14:09","date_gmt":"2024-11-17T11:14:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/josefnemec.cz\/blog\/?p=47"},"modified":"2024-12-17T18:41:41","modified_gmt":"2024-12-17T17:41:41","slug":"co-je-to-php","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/josefnemec.cz\/blog\/php\/co-je-to-php\/","title":{"rendered":"Co je to PHP?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>PHP je popul\u00e1rn\u00ed skriptovac\u00ed jazyk ur\u010den\u00fd p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pro v\u00fdvoj webov\u00fdch aplikac\u00ed. D\u00edky sv\u00e9 jednoduchosti, flexibilit\u011b a \u0161irok\u00e9 podpo\u0159e se stal jedn\u00edm z nejpou\u017e\u00edvan\u011bj\u0161\u00edch jazyk\u016f pro tvorbu web\u016f a aplikac\u00ed. PHP je zkratka pro &#8222;PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor,&#8220; co\u017e odkazuje na jeho schopnost zpracov\u00e1vat a generovat dynamick\u00fd obsah webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Stru\u010dn\u00e1 historie PHP<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>PHP vzniklo v roce 1994 jako projekt Rasmuse Lerdorfa, kter\u00fd jej p\u016fvodn\u011b vytvo\u0159il pro sledov\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv sv\u00e9ho osobn\u00edho webu. Z jednoduch\u00e9ho n\u00e1stroje se postupem \u010dasu vyvinul plnohodnotn\u00fd programovac\u00ed jazyk, kter\u00fd je dnes z\u00e1kladem milion\u016f webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hlavn\u00ed miln\u00edky:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>1995<\/strong>: Vyd\u00e1na prvn\u00ed verze &#8222;Personal Home Page Tools&#8220;.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>1997<\/strong>: P\u0159echod na PHP 3, kde bylo p\u0159id\u00e1no API a jazyk z\u00edskal v\u00fdrazn\u011b lep\u0161\u00ed strukturu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>2004<\/strong>: P\u0159edstaven\u00ed PHP 5 s podporou objektov\u011b orientovan\u00e9ho programov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>2020<\/strong>: PHP 8 p\u0159ineslo v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 zlep\u0161en\u00ed v\u00fdkonu d\u00edky JIT kompilaci.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vlastnosti PHP<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Server-side jazyk<\/strong>: PHP b\u011b\u017e\u00ed na serveru, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee u\u017eivatel dost\u00e1v\u00e1 pouze v\u00fdsledn\u00fd HTML, nikoliv samotn\u00fd k\u00f3d.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Jednoduchost a p\u0159\u00edstupnost<\/strong>: Snadn\u00e1 syntaxe a mo\u017enost rychl\u00e9ho u\u010den\u00ed d\u011blaj\u00ed z PHP ide\u00e1ln\u00ed jazyk pro za\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edky.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Flexibilita<\/strong>: Podporuje r\u016fzn\u00e9 datab\u00e1ze (nap\u0159. MySQL, PostgreSQL, SQLite) a webov\u00e9 servery (nap\u0159. Apache, Nginx).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Bohat\u00e1 komunita<\/strong>: D\u00edky velk\u00e9 z\u00e1kladn\u011b v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016f existuje mnoho knihoven, framework\u016f (nap\u0159. Laravel, Symfony, Nette) a n\u00e1stroj\u016f pro usnadn\u011bn\u00ed v\u00fdvoje.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159itelnost<\/strong>: PHP umo\u017e\u0148uje p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed vlastn\u00edch roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed v jazyc\u00edch jako C\/C++.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jak to vlastn\u011b fach\u010d\u00ed?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>U\u017eivatel ode\u0161le po\u017eadavek na server<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>PHP zpracuje po\u017eadavek<\/strong>: Skripty v PHP se spust\u00ed na serveru.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Vygenerovan\u00fd obsah<\/strong>: PHP skript vytvo\u0159\u00ed dynamick\u00fd obsah (nap\u0159. HTML, JSON, obr\u00e1zky).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Odesl\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdsledku<\/strong>: Server po\u0161le u\u017eivateli v\u00fdsledn\u00fd obsah.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jak se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>PHP se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pro:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Tvorbu dynamick\u00fdch webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nek<\/strong>: Spr\u00e1va obsahu, u\u017eivatelsk\u00e1 interakce apod.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>V\u00fdvoj webov\u00fdch aplikac\u00ed<\/strong>: Nap\u0159\u00edklad internetov\u00e9 obchody, f\u00f3ra nebo CRM syst\u00e9my.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>API<\/strong>: PHP lze vyu\u017e\u00edt k tvorb\u011b RESTful a GraphQL API.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Automatizaci \u00fakol\u016f<\/strong>: Nap\u0159\u00edklad generov\u00e1n\u00ed report\u016f nebo zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed dat.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Plusi a m\u00ednusy PHP<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Plus:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Snadn\u00e9 nasazen\u00ed na v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b hostingov\u00fdch platforem.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Rychl\u00fd v\u00fdvoj d\u00edky integrovan\u00fdm funkc\u00edm.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0160irok\u00e1 komunita a mno\u017estv\u00ed dostupn\u00fdch n\u00e1stroj\u016f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>M\u00ednus:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdkon u velmi slo\u017eit\u00fdch aplikac\u00ed ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s n\u011bkter\u00fdmi jin\u00fdmi jazyky.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Z\u00e1vislost na kvalit\u011b k\u00f3du: Nedostate\u010dn\u00e1 znalost m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edm probl\u00e9m\u016fm.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pro\u010d pou\u017e\u00edvat PHP?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>PHP je skv\u011blou volbou pro v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159e, kte\u0159\u00ed hledaj\u00ed snadno p\u0159\u00edstupn\u00fd, flexibiln\u00ed a dob\u0159e podporovan\u00fd n\u00e1stroj pro tvorbu web\u016f. Jeho popularita a dlouholet\u00e1 historie dokazuj\u00ed, \u017ee jde o spolehliv\u00fd jazyk, kter\u00fd je i nad\u00e1le aktivn\u011b vyv\u00edjen a pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pokud chcete za\u010d\u00edt s PHP, sta\u010d\u00ed jen z\u00e1kladn\u00ed znalosti HTML a trocha nad\u0161en\u00ed. D\u00edky bohat\u00fdm zdroj\u016fm online tutori\u00e1l\u016f, komunit\u011b a dokumentaci se snadno nau\u010d\u00edte v\u0161e pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 k tvorb\u011b sv\u00fdch vlastn\u00edch projekt\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>PHP je popul\u00e1rn\u00ed skriptovac\u00ed jazyk ur\u010den\u00fd p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pro v\u00fdvoj webov\u00fdch aplikac\u00ed. D\u00edky sv\u00e9 jednoduchosti, flexibilit\u011b a \u0161irok\u00e9 podpo\u0159e se stal jedn\u00edm z nejpou\u017e\u00edvan\u011bj\u0161\u00edch jazyk\u016f pro tvorbu web\u016f a aplikac\u00ed. PHP je zkratka pro &#8222;PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor,&#8220; co\u017e odkazuje na jeho schopnost zpracov\u00e1vat a generovat dynamick\u00fd obsah webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nek.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":48,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,6],"tags":[51,13,12,11,10,49,50,48],"class_list":["post-47","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-php","category-webdesign","tag-jazyk","tag-php4","tag-php5","tag-php7","tag-php8","tag-programovani","tag-vyvoj","tag-webdesign"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/josefnemec.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/DALL%C2%B7E-2024-12-17-12.13.49-A-humorous-and-creative-illustration-representing-PHP-as-a-friendly-and-quirky-character.-Imagine-a-cartoon-style-character-shaped-like-the-PHP-logo-.webp?fit=1024%2C1024&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/josefnemec.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/47","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/josefnemec.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/josefnemec.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/josefnemec.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/josefnemec.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=47"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/josefnemec.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/47\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":74,"href":"https:\/\/josefnemec.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/47\/revisions\/74"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/josefnemec.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/48"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/josefnemec.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=47"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/josefnemec.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=47"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/josefnemec.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=47"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}